COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGIES IN MEDICAL STROKE REHABILITATION
Kata Kunci:
Stroke rehabilitation; Neuroplasticity; Multidisciplinary care; Functional recovery; Physical medicine and rehabilitation.Abstrak
Stroke is an acute neurological condition caused by cerebral vascular disorders and remains a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide. Motor, sensory, cognitive impairments, and limitations in activities of daily living following stroke reduce patient independence and quality of life, necessitating a comprehensive rehabilitation approach. Purpose: To review current evidence regarding the definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, medical management, and the role of physical and rehabilitation medicine in stroke patients. Methods: A literature review was conducted using reputable journals published within the last five years that address clinical aspects, diagnostic approaches, acute management, and rehabilitation interventions in stroke. Results: Stroke is classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types with distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. Diagnosis is established through clinical evaluation and neuroimaging. Acute management focuses on patient stabilization, reperfusion therapy for ischemic stroke, and prevention of complications. Early initiation of rehabilitation medicine has been shown to improve motor function recovery and patient independence. Conclusion: Comprehensive medical stroke strategies integrate prevention, rapid acute management guided by the “time is brain” principle, and early multidisciplinary neuroplasticity-based rehabilitation—supported by technological innovation, individualized therapy, complication prevention, and psychosocial care—to optimize functional recovery, reduce disability, and improve long-term quality of life.
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